Treatment of the various engineering systems presented will show how an engineering
formulation of the subject flows naturally from the fundamental principles
and theories of chemistry, microbiology, physics, and mathematics. This emphasis
on fundamental science recognizes that engineering practice has in recent years
become more firmly based on scientific principles rather than on its earlier dependency
on empirical accumulation of facts. It is not intended, though, to neglect
empiricism where such data lead quickly to the most economic design; certain engineering
systems are not readily amenable to fundamental scientific analysis, and in
these instances we have resorted to less science in favor of more art and empiricism.
Since an environmental water resources engineer must understand science within
the context of applications, we first present the development of the scientific
basis of a particular subject, followed by exposition of the pertinent design concepts
and operations, and detailed explanations of their applications to environmental
conservation or protection. Throughout the series, methods of mathematical modeling,
system analysis, practical design, and calculation are illustrated by numerical
examples. These examples clearly demonstrate how organized, analytical reasoning
leads to the most direct and clear solutions. Wherever possible, pertinent cost data
have been provided.Our treatment of environmentalwater resources engineering is offered in the belief
that the trained engineer should more firmly understand fundamental principles,
be more aware of the similarities and/or differences among many of the engineering
systems, and exhibit greater flexibility and originality in the definition and innovative
solution of environmental system problems. In short, the environmental and
water resources engineers should by conviction and practice be more readily adaptable
to change and progress.
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